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Balanced energy balance - How important is breakfast to come?

weight control - Breakfast: Yes or No

If so, few or many?

How important is breakfast in terms of total energy intake of the day?

A recent study seems to present expert opinion on the importance of breakfast in relation to the total energy intake one day to contradict (1).

The main result of this investigation on 380 normal-and overweight people is that with increasing caloric intake at breakfast and the total calories a day is increasing steadily (1). In other words, each breakfast is extensive, the greater the total calorie intake the day.

both obese and normal weight people could not compensate for an excessive caloric intake in the morning by a reduced intake at lunch or dinner.

with a disproportionately high energy intake at breakfast to contribute to a positive energy balance and increases the risk for obesity.

The conclusion from the results of this study is the equivalent to: can a low energy intake at breakfast may be helpful to reduce the total energy of the day and therefore has a positive effect on energy balance, particularly in obese persons.

Several studies on this topic were documented in the past that a low energy intake at breakfast was associated more with increased body weight.

It is also known that people who can be quite the breakfast (breakfast-skippers), an increased risk in future overweight or obese even become (2, 3). Also increased, the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. In addition, out eating the breakfast to a significant increase in appetite (4), resulting in a high energy intake in subsequent meals, and thus more than offset the reduced intake at dawn in the rule.

Epidemiological studies indicate that a significant proportion of people irregularly or not at breakfast. According to the survey give 9 percent of adults in full on breakfast. Another 16 percent have breakfast occasionally. Only 39 percent have breakfast at home, the rest at work or on the way there.

With the view of a balanced energy balance, it therefore seems advisable to cancel the breakfast quite small. In no way can be recommended to eat in the morning to stock to eat during the day as late as possible back to. The above-mentioned study results suggest also that a complete waiver seems to be on the breakfast the wrong way.

The total energy intake per day is also on the ratio of the macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, fat) influenced each other. If a substantial proportion of the amount of carbohydrate is eaten in the morning, then reduced rate over the day, the total energy intake (5).

conclusion: ". breakfast like a king, lunch like a king and dinner like a beggar " The old adage needs to be reconsidered in relation to the breakfast. Based on current study results would be a low calorie intake at breakfast, preferably in the form of carbohydrates recommended.

Literature:

1. Schusdziarra V, Hausmann M, Wittke C, Mittermeier J, Kellner M, Naumann A, Wagenpfeil S, Erdmann J. Impact of breakfast on daily energy intake - an analysis of absolute versus relative breakfast calories. Nutr J. 2011 Jan 17;10(1):5. [Epub ahead of print]
2. Croezen S, Visscher TL, Ter Bogt NC, Veling ML, Haveman-Nies A. Skipping breakfast, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity as risk factors for overweight and obesity in adolescents: results of the E-MOVO project. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Mar;63(3):405-12.
3. Huang CJ, Hu HT, Fan YC, Liao YM, Tsai PS. Associations of breakfast skipping with obesity and health-related quality of life: evidence from a national survey in Taiwan. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Jan 12.
4. Giovannini M, Agostoni C, Shamir R. Symposium overview: Do we all eat breakfast and is it important? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Feb;50(2):97-9.
5. de Castro JM. The time of day and the proportions of macronutrients eaten are related to total daily food intake. Br J Nutr. 2007 Nov;98(5):1077-83. Epub 2007 May 31.

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